Presubmission enquiries about reports will not be considered. Reports are shorter articles that describe important advances. Studies of single cases that can be readily performed on groups of patients will not be considered. Meta-analyses will not be considered. Presubmission enquiries about original research articles will not be considered. More detailed studies of single cases may - in rare instances - be considered as a Report (see below) only when they resolve definitively an important problem in the field or when the data lead to a significant conceptual advance. Preliminary reports of work in progress or single case studies are not considered. Studies of normal subjects (including the aged) and normal signalling mechanisms in animals are not considered and will be returned to authors without peer review. Papers that are predominantly methodological or that present hypotheses or models unsupported by original data are not suitable. Animal studies are considered but must demonstrate novel signalling pathways underlying disease or describe novel therapeutic interventions, and have significant clinical relevance. Original articles address neurological diseases and their mechanisms.